The anthropometric measurements of tibia.

Anthropometry provides scientific method and technique for taking various measurements in different geographic regions and races. The Tibia itself is a complex anatomic unit so anthropometric study was devised on the same. In the present study 60 (26 right and 34 left) intact adult tibia were obtained from the bone bank of Anatomy Department of MGIMS, Sevagram. For this purpose a digital vernier caliper, osteometric board and measuring tape were used. The study was aimed at determining measurements for obtaining Cross-Section Index in middle, Cnemicus Index and Length-Thickness Index for both right and left Tibia. The details of data obtained with relevant review of literature will be discussed. The mean of Cross Sectional index for Right tibias was 102.90± 22.78. Similarly mean of Cross Sectional index for left tibias was 124.31± 25.06. The mean of Cnemicus Index for Right tibias was 66.17 ± 10.68 and for left side these values came out to be 67.31 ± 7.35. These are not statistically significant. The mean of Length-Thickness Index were 24.21 ± 0.96 and 24.43 ± 1.78 for right and left Tibias respectively.

Right to health care.

The Constitution of India has provisions regarding the right to health. The obligation of the State to ensure the creation and the sustaining of conditions congenial to good health is cast by the Constitutional directives contained in articles 38, 39 (e) (f), 42, 47 and 48 A in Part IV of the Constitution of India In this article following aspects are studied in the light of provisions of constitution of India and various judicial pronouncements: Medico-legal cases and Right to Health Care and Medical Assistance; Medical Examination of rape victim and Right to health care; Working of Blood Banks and Right to Health Care; Cases of HIV/AIDS and Right to health care; Living and working conditions of workers and right to health care; Mentally ill person and right to Health care; Biomedical Waste and Right to Health Care; Pollution and Right to health Care.

Correlation of risk factors with coronary atherosclerosis.

The prevalence of any disease among individuals likely to cause tissue or organ injury is related to a number of factors. The risk factors that predispose to atherosclerosis have been identified by a number of studies. This study was undertaken to correlate risk factors with the occurrence & severity of coronary atherosclerosis. The study duration was of 2 years from October 2006 to October 2008 & it includes 120 medicolegal autopsies conducted at MGIMS, over a period of 2 years. Data (age, sex, occupation, education, alcoholism, smoking, dietary habits etc) was recorded from the short history. Major coronaries were sectioned transversely by sharp knife at intervals of 0.3 cm and also longitudinally. The morphological lesions were noted in proforma and then they were sent for histopathology. The data was evaluated statistically. The study shows definite correlation between the risk factors and atherosclerosis. Certain life style modifications can decrease the incidence of atherosclerosis in the population.

A review of the chronology of epiphyseal union in the bones at knee and ankle joint.

Determination of the age of an individual from the appearance and the fusion of the ossification centres is a well accepted fact in the field of medical and legal professions. The process of formation of bones is called as “ossification”. Ossification of bone is a diagnostic tool for estimation of age until the process is complete for the particular bone. The long bones of lower limb play a vital role in assessment of age both in living and dry remains. Many scientists have tried to conclude there observations on bones of lower limb owing to differences in regional and environmental factors. Countable differences are noticed in the appearance and fusion activities of ossification centers depending on race geographic distribution and sex. Following is a review of works carried out so far in different regions of country as well as throughout the world.

Age determination in girls of Jodhpur Region by epiphyseal union of bones at ankle joint.

There is no statistical data to establish variation in epiphyseal fusion in Western Rajasthan populations. This significant oversight can lead to exclusion of persons of interest in a forensic investigation. Epiphyseal fusion of the distal tibia and fibula in sixty females was analyzed on radiological basis to assess the range of variation of epiphyseal fusion at each age. In the study the X ray films of the subjects were divided into three groups on the basis of degree of fusion. Firstly, those which were showing No Epiphyseal Fusion (N), secondly those showing Partial Union (P), and thirdly those showing Complete Fusion (C). Observations made were compared with the previous studies. Results indicate that complete fusion in females occurs as early as 14 years in the distal tibia and fibula. All females demonstrated complete fusion by 19 years with no significant differences between ancestral groups.

Pattern of histo pathological changes of liver in poisoning.

Increasing trend of poisoning in rural as well as urban set up for committing suicides must drive attention of law enforcing agencies to restrict its use and providing better methods for pest control. One of the organs suffered by such poisoning is liver, which is studied in detail in this study with special reference to histopathological finding. Out of total 140 autopsies 78 cases revealed histopathological finding in liver which varies with treatment, duration of survival, death autopsy interval. This may be helpful to conclude cause of death in obscure autopsies or even at each poisoning autopsy where opinion is reserved till viscera report is available. This may cut short time required for court proceeding, insurance claims based on these opinions.